The Philly cheesesteak isn’t just a sandwich; it’s a culinary icon, a perfect harmony of tender beef, melted cheese, and a fresh roll. Born in Philadelphia, this all-American classic has captured hearts and appetites worldwide. But what truly makes a Philly cheesesteak authentic? In this article, we’ll explore the essential components of this beloved sandwich, dive into its history, and provide tips for recreating it at home. Whether you’re a seasoned foodie or a curious cook, get ready to uncover the secrets behind one of America’s tastiest traditions.
1. Introduction to the Philly Cheesesteak
History of the Philly Cheesesteak
The story of the Philly cheesesteak begins in the 1930s with a hot dog vendor named Pat Olivieri. As legend has it, Pat decided to grill thinly sliced beef for a change and served it on a soft roll. When a passing cab driver caught a whiff of the sizzling meat, he requested a taste. That one bite was the spark that led to the birth of the cheesesteak, a sandwich that would forever define Philadelphia’s food scene. The addition of cheese came later, further solidifying its iconic status.
This humble creation quickly gained fame, with long lines forming at Pat’s cart. It wasn’t long before others, like Geno’s Steaks, joined the fray, creating a friendly rivalry that still exists today.
Why It’s Unique
So, what sets the authentic Philly cheesesteak apart from other sandwiches? First, it’s the simplicity. The focus is on the quality of ingredients thinly sliced ribeye, gooey cheese, and a soft hoagie roll. Second, the sandwich relies on technique: the beef is cooked on a flat-top grill for optimal tenderness, and the cheese is melted directly into the meat for maximum flavor. Unlike imitations, a true Philly cheesesteak doesn’t need fancy toppings or exotic ingredients to shine.
2. Key Components of an Authentic Philly Cheesesteak
The Beef
At the heart of what is on an authentic Philly cheesesteak lies the beef thinly sliced ribeye steak. This cut is prized for its tenderness and rich, juicy flavor, which creates the perfect foundation for this iconic sandwich. Ribeye’s marbling ensures it stays moist while cooking, even on high heat. While ribeye is the gold standard, you can substitute top round or “chip steak,” commonly available in Philadelphia, if ribeye isn’t an option.
Pro tip: To achieve ultra-thin slices, freeze the ribeye for about 30-45 minutes before cutting. This simple trick makes it much easier to slice the beef with precision. The thinner, the better the goal is melt-in-your-mouth tenderness. Avoid overcooking the beef; it should stay juicy, never dry or chewy.
The Cheese
Cheese is non-negotiable in the world of Philly cheesesteaks. The most common options are American cheese, provolone, and the controversial yet beloved Cheez Whiz. Each choice brings its unique character:
- American cheese creates a creamy, mild flavor.
- Provolone (preferably deli-style, not aged) offers a subtle sharpness.
- Cheez Whiz melts into a tangy, gooey delight for those who want an extra kick.
To make an authentic Philly cheesesteak, avoid aged or hard cheeses. They don’t melt smoothly, which is essential for that iconic, cheesy goodness. Melt the cheese directly into the beef for the best results it’s the key to achieving that oozy, irresistible texture.
The Bread
The bread is just as important as the filling. Authentic Philly cheesesteaks are served on soft hoagie rolls, with Amoroso rolls being the preferred choice in Philadelphia. These rolls strike the perfect balance: firm enough to hold the filling but soft enough to complement the tender beef and cheese.
If you can’t get Amoroso rolls, look for long, soft deli-style rolls. Avoid hot dog buns or crusty baguettes, which are either too soft or too hard to handle the sandwich’s weight and juices.
3. Optional Toppings and Add-ons
Classic Toppings
While the essentials of what is on an authentic Philly cheesesteak are simple, classic toppings like fried onions can elevate the sandwich. The onions are diced and cooked until translucent and lightly browned never fully caramelized, as sweetness would overpower the savory elements.
For those who enjoy a little extra flavor, bell peppers or mushrooms are optional but traditional additions. Sauté them alongside the onions to keep the flavors balanced.
Controversial Additions
Not every topping is considered “authentic.” Some purists argue that adding anything beyond beef, cheese, and onions detracts from the original recipe. However, regional variations have introduced tomato sauce to create a “pizza steak.” This version adds marinara sauce to the cooked beef before layering on the cheese.
Adding lettuce, tomato, or mayonnaise transforms the sandwich into a “cheesesteak hoagie.” While delicious in its own right, it’s not considered a true Philly cheesesteak. If authenticity matters to you, skip these ingredients.
Finding the Perfect Balance
Ultimately, toppings should complement not overpower the beef and cheese. Stick to the basics for a true Philly experience, or experiment with add-ons to create your personal twist. Either way, the result is a mouthwatering sandwich that’s sure to satisfy.
4. Step-by-Step Guide to Making an Authentic Philly Cheesesteak
Preparing the Beef
The first step in crafting what is on an authentic Philly cheesesteak starts with preparing the beef. Use ribeye steak for the best flavor and texture. Begin by freezing the steak for 30-45 minutes. This trick makes it easier to slice the beef as thinly as possible. Thin slices cook faster and stay tender, ensuring the perfect texture.
Once sliced, season the beef with a sprinkle of salt and fresh black pepper. Heat a cast-iron skillet or a wide flat-top grill to medium-high. Cook the beef quickly, flipping and stirring to prevent it from drying out. Aim for juicy, flavorful pieces with just a hint of browning.
Cooking the Toppings
While the beef cooks, prepare the toppings. Dice yellow onions and cook them in a separate skillet with a little oil. Stir until they become translucent and lightly browned. If you’re adding bell peppers or mushrooms, sauté them alongside the onions to blend the flavors. These toppings are optional but enhance the overall taste.
Melting the Cheese
Cheese plays a starring role in what is on an authentic Philly cheesesteak. Once the beef is nearly done, pile it into two sections matching the length of your rolls. Lay slices of cheese be it provolone, American, or Cheez Whiz directly onto the hot beef. Let the heat melt the cheese into a gooey layer that binds everything together.
Assembling the Sandwich
Warm your hoagie rolls in the oven at a low temperature to keep them soft. Place a roll over each cheesy pile of beef, then carefully flip it onto a plate. This technique ensures the sandwich stays intact and evenly filled. Serve hot, and savor the mouthwatering combination of flavors.
For more delicious recipes, check out our article on Philly Cheesesteak Pasta.
5. The Do’s and Don’ts of an Authentic Cheesesteak
Do’s
- Stick to the basics: tender ribeye, gooey cheese, and a soft roll. These are the pillars of what is on an authentic Philly cheesesteak.
- Use traditional cooking techniques, like grilling the beef on a flat-top for even heat distribution.
- Choose toppings wisely. Fried onions are a classic, while bell peppers and mushrooms are optional but common in Philly.
Don’ts
- Avoid fancy additions like lettuce, tomato, or mayonnaise if you’re aiming for authenticity. These turn the sandwich into a “cheesesteak hoagie,” which is delicious but not the same.
- Say no to Swiss cheese or aged provolone. Their strong flavors and lack of meltability detract from the sandwich.
- Don’t overload the roll. While tempting, too much filling makes it hard to handle and masks the balance of flavors.
Sticking to these simple rules ensures your Philly cheesesteak remains true to its roots, delivering the ultimate taste experience. Curious about more Philly flavors? Check out this article on Good Side Dishes for Philly Cheesesteak.
6. Popular Philly Cheesesteak Variations and Regional Takes
Pizza Steak
One of the most famous twists on what is on an authentic Philly cheesesteak is the pizza steak. This variation adds marinara sauce to the cooked beef before layering on the cheese. The result is a delicious combination of savory steak, tangy tomato sauce, and melted provolone. It’s perfect for those who enjoy a little Italian flair in their sandwich.
To make it at home, simply warm the marinara sauce and mix it with the cooked steak before assembling the sandwich. Remember, the key is to use just enough sauce to enhance the flavors without overwhelming the beef and cheese.
Chicken Cheesesteak
For those who prefer poultry, the chicken cheesesteak offers a lighter alternative. Thinly sliced or shredded chicken replaces the traditional ribeye, but the same principles apply: cook it on high heat for juicy, tender meat. Top with melted cheese and classic toppings like fried onions or peppers.
Cheesesteak Hoagie
Adding lettuce, tomato, and mayonnaise creates the “cheesesteak hoagie.” While not considered authentic by Philly purists, it’s a delicious variation that balances the rich steak and cheese with fresh ingredients. This version blurs the line between a traditional hoagie and a cheesesteak, offering the best of both worlds.
7. How to Order Like a Local in Philly
The Philly Ordering Lingo
If you’re visiting Philadelphia, knowing how to order a cheesesteak can make all the difference. Locals use specific terms to ensure their sandwich is made just right. For instance, “wit” means with fried onions, while “witout” means without. Want extra cheese? Just ask for “extra Whiz” or name your preferred cheese.
Mastering this simple lingo not only ensures your order comes out perfectly but also shows respect for Philly’s unique cheesesteak culture.
Iconic Cheesesteak Vendors
While making one at home is rewarding, nothing compares to trying the real deal in Philly. Famous spots like Pat’s King of Steaks and Geno’s Steaks have been rivals for decades, offering classic cheesesteaks served hot off the grill. Other local favorites include Dalessandro’s and Tony Luke’s, each with its unique take on what is on an authentic Philly cheesesteak.
Don’t forget to bring your appetite and maybe a napkin or two! Stay tuned for the final section, where we’ll answer FAQs about Philly cheesesteaks.
8. FAQs: Common Questions About Philly Cheesesteaks
What is the Best Cheese for a Philly Cheesesteak?
The best cheese for a Philly cheesesteak depends on personal taste, but traditional options include American cheese, provolone, or Cheez Whiz. American cheese offers a creamy and mild flavor, while provolone adds a subtle sharpness. Cheez Whiz, although polarizing, melts perfectly and delivers a bold, tangy flavor.
Can You Use Chicken Instead of Beef?
Yes, you can! While ribeye is central to what is on an authentic Philly cheesesteak, chicken cheesesteaks are a popular variation. The preparation is similar cook thinly sliced chicken on a flat-top grill and top it with melty cheese and your favorite toppings.
Is It Still a Cheesesteak if It Has Lettuce or Tomato?
Adding lettuce or tomato turns the sandwich into a “cheesesteak hoagie.” While tasty, this variation is not considered authentic. If you’re aiming for a true Philly experience, stick with the basics: beef, cheese, onions, and a hoagie roll.
What’s the Difference Between a Cheesesteak and a Hoagie?
A hoagie is a cold sandwich typically made with deli meats, lettuce, tomato, and mayo. A cheesesteak, by contrast, is served hot and features cooked beef, melted cheese, and sautéed toppings like onions or peppers.
9. Conclusion and Final Thoughts
The Philly cheesesteak is more than just a sandwich it’s a symbol of Philadelphia’s culinary heritage. With its tender ribeye, gooey cheese, and perfectly soft hoagie roll, this iconic dish has earned its place in food history. Understanding what is on an authentic Philly cheesesteak is the first step to recreating this mouthwatering meal at home.
Whether you stick with tradition or try a fun variation like a pizza steak or chicken cheesesteak, the magic lies in the simplicity of quality ingredients and proper technique. For those lucky enough to visit Philadelphia, nothing compares to enjoying a cheesesteak fresh from one of the city’s famous vendors. But if you can’t make the trip, don’t worry bringing the authentic taste of Philly into your own kitchen is easier than you think.
Ready to explore more? Check out Philly Cheesesteak Pasta for a creative spin on this classic dish!